Temporomandibular Joint Dysfuntion

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJ, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull). Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.

Cardinal signs of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfuntion :-

• Pain in muscles of mastication, the TMJ, or the periauricular area (around the ear), which is usually made worse by manipulation or function.
• Asymmetric mandibular movement with or without clicking.
• Limitation of mandibular movements.
• Pain present for a minimum of 3 months.

Causes of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfuntion :-

• Disc Displacement
• Degenerative Joint Disease
• Psychosocial Factors
• Bruxism
• Trauma
• Occlusal Factors
• Genetic Factors
• Hormonal Factors